| 2,008 | 134 | 118 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
污染物的影子价格体现了污染物的边际减排成本。本文采用二次型方向性距离函数和2003—2008年我国284个地级及以上城市工业部门数据,对废水、SO2和烟尘等三种污染物的影子价格进行了估计。结果发现,2003—2008年间,废水、SO2、烟尘的影子价格或边际减排成本分别为0.0178万元/吨、5.158万元/吨和4.597万元/吨。SO2排污权交易价格相比污染减排成本偏低,影响了排污权交易市场的有效运作。污染物的影子价格在不同城市具有较大差异,这种差异性能够在一定程度上被污染排放规模、监管强度和污染治理的规模经济性等因素所解释。
Abstract：The shadow prices of pollutions indicate the marginal abatement cost.Using the quadratic directional distance function and the data of industry sector of 284 cities in China,the paper estimates the shadow prices of three pollutions that are waste water,SO2 and soot.The results show that the shadow price or marginal abatement cost of waste water,SO2 and soot is 0.178 thousand Yuan per ton,51.58 thousand Yuan per ton and 45.87 thousand Yuan per ton respectively.The SO2 allowance is obviously lower than the marginal abatement cost,hampering the operation of the allowance market.The shadow prices are different among cities,and the difference can be explained by some factors,such as the size of pollution emission,the intensity of pollution regulation and economies of scale in pollution abatement.
[1]Coggins J S,Swinton J R.The Price of Pollution:A Dual Approachto Valuing so2 Allowances[J].Journal of Environmental Economicsand Management,1996,30(1):58-72.
[2]Pittman R W.Multilateral Productivity Comparisons withUndesirable Outputs[J].Economic Journal,1983,93(372):883-891.
[3]Fare R,Grosskopf S,Lovell C,et al.Multilateral ProductivityComparisons When some Outputs are Undesirable-A NonparametricApproach[J].Review of Economics and Statistics,1989,71(1):90-98.
[4]Fare R,Grosskopf S,Lovell C,et al.Derivation of Shadow Prices forUndesirable Outputs-A Distance Function Approach[J].Review ofEconomics and Statistics,1993,75(2):374-380.
[5]Hailu A,Veeman T S.Environmentally Sensitive ProductivityAnalysis of the Canadian Pulp and Paper Industry,1959—1994:AnInput Distance Function Approach[J].Journal of EnvironmentalEconomics and Management,2000,40(3):251-274.
[6]Fare R,Grosskopf S,Weber W L.Shadow Prices of Missouri PublicConservation Land[J].Public Finance Review,2001,29(6):444-460.
[7]Lee M.The Shadow Price of Substitutable Sulfur in the Us ElectricPower Plant:A Distance Function Approach[J].Journal ofEnvironmental Management,2005,77(2):104-110.
[8]Park H,Lim J.Valuation of Marginal Co2 Abatement Options forElectric Power Plants in Korea[J].Energy Policy,2009,37(5):1834-1841.
[9]Fare R,Grosskopf S,Noh D W,et al.Characteristics of a PollutingTechnology:Theory and Practice[J].Journal of Econometrics,2005,126(2):469-492.
[10]Murty M N,Kumar S,Dhavala K K.Measuring EnvironmentalEfficiency of Industry:A Case Study of Thermal Power Generationin India[J].Environmental&Resource Economics,2007,38(1):31-50.
[11]涂正革.工业二氧化硫排放的影子价格:一个新的分析框架[J].经济学,2009(4):259-282.
[12]Kwon O S,Yun W C.Estimation of the Marginal Abatement Costs ofAirborne Pollutants in Korea’s Power Generation Sector[J].EnergyEconomics,1999,21(6):547-560.
[13]Chambers R G,Chung Y,Fare R.Profit,Directional DistanceFunctions,and Nerlovian Efficiency[J].Journal of OptimizationTheory and Applications,1998,98(2):351-364.
[14]Fukuyamaa H,Weber W L.Japanese Banking Inefficiency andShadow Pricing[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling,2008,48(11～12):1854-1867.
[15]李小平,朱钟棣.中国工业行业的全要素生产率测算——基于分行业面板数据的研究[J].管理世界,2005(04):56-64.
[16]Bohi D R,Burtraw D.So2 Allowance Trading:How Do Expectationsand Experience Measure Up?[J].The Electricity Journal,2007,10(7):67-75.
基本信息:
DOI：10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2011.09.011
中图分类号:X50
引用信息:
[1]袁鹏,程施.我国工业污染物的影子价格估计[J].统计研究,2011,28(09):66-73.DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2011.09.011.
基金信息:
教育部博士点基金(新教师类)“我国碳减排方案设计与政策模拟研究”(20100041120042);; 辽宁省哲学社会科学基金“辽宁碳排放与产业结构优化调整研究”(L09CJL033);; 中央高校基本科研业务费引进人才科研项目“一般均衡框架下我国碳减排与产业结构调整研究”(852004)等基金资助
2011-09-15
2011-09-15