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本文以全球夜间灯光数据为参照,分别从地级和县级行政区层面研究了1992-2016年我国地区经济发展不平衡的演化及其影响因素。受地级和县级人均GDP数据可得性和准确性的限制,首先利用省级人均GDP与灯光亮度关系估算地级和县级的经济产出水平。基于地级和县级经济产出水平,测算了地区经济差异指数、泰尔指数和阿特金森指数,证实了各省份、全国及四大地区均呈现库兹涅茨倒"U"曲线。对泰尔指数进行四大地区分解,发现了四大地区间的经济差异是我国地区经济不平衡的主要根源。地区经济发展不平衡的影响因素研究再次证实库兹涅茨曲线的存在,还发现城镇化水平和产业结构变迁与地区经济不平衡之间也存在倒"U"型关系,教育水平的提升与交通基础设施的完善分别扩大和缩小了地区经济的不平衡,但资源禀赋、对外开放度和政府消费与地区经济不平衡的关系并不显著。
Abstract:This paper studies the regional economic imbalance in China and the influence factors from 1992 to 2016 at the prefecture and county administrative levels based on the global night-time light data.Subject to the availability and accuracy of the per-capita GDP at the prefecture and county levels,this paper first measures the economic output at the above two levels based on the relationship between lights and provincial per-capita GDP.Then,economic disparity index,Theil index and Atkinson index are calculated to measure regional imbalance using the estimated economic output,which suggests Kuznets inverted U curve exists both in China,its provinces and the four major regions of China.Decomposition of Theil index by region shows the economic disparity between the four major regions is the main driving force for regional economic imbalance.Analysis on the determinants of regional imbalance confirms the existence of the Kuznets curve.Moreover,we find that the inverted U curve also exists between regional imbalance and urbanization or industrial structural change,and education increases regional imbalance while transport infrastructure reduces regional imbalance, and no significant relationship exists between regional imbalance and resources,openness or government consumption.
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(1)夜间灯光图像的下载地址为:https://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/download.html。
(1)因篇幅限制,稳健性检验结果见附表1和2,见《统计研究》网站所列附件。
(1)其他指数作因变量的回归结果见附表3、4和5,估计系数的符号与显著性和EDI的结果几乎一致。
基本信息:
DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2020.06.004
中图分类号:F127;F224
引用信息:
[1]陈梦根,张帅.中国地区经济发展不平衡及影响因素研究——基于夜间灯光数据[J].统计研究,2020,37(06):40-54.DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2020.06.004.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字经济对我国经济社会发展的影响效应测度与统计评价”(19ZDA118)
2020-06-25
2020-06-25