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本文基于我国企业微观数据,利用清洁生产行业标准实施这一"准自然实验",构建多期双重差分模型对清洁生产标准实施后的制造业企业"产品质量效应"进行实证研究。研究发现:清洁生产环境规制尽管在短期内存在"负向挤出效应",但会通过提升企业生产效率和成本投入效率两大途径在长期显著促进企业产品质量升级,并且政策的影响存在"时间堆积效应"。拓展性分析发现,合规成本规模的差别性、要素密集度的异质性与政策执行的严格性是清洁生产环规规制对企业产品质量产生分化影响的重要原因。进一步通过行业产品质量的动态分解发现,行业产品质量升级的54.80%源自清洁生产环境规制带来的资源再配置效应。本文对于认识如何通过绿色转型推动我国制造业高质量发展具有重要意义。
Abstract:Based on the microdata of Chinese enterprises,the “quasi-natural experiment ” of clean production industrial standard implementation is used to build a multi-stage difference in difference model to conduct empirical research on the “product quality effect ” on manufacturing enterprises after the clean production standard is implemented. It is found that although there is a “negative crowding-out effect”in the short term,the environmental regulation of clean production can significantly promote the upgrading of product quality in the long term by improving the production efficiency and cost efficiency of enterprises,and there is a“time accumulation effect”in the impact of policies. The analysis of expansibility shows that the difference of compliance cost scale,the heterogeneity of factor density and the strictness of policy implementation are the important reasons for the differentiation of environmental regulations of clean production on product quality.Further,through the dynamic decomposition of industrial product quality,it is found that 54. 80% of the upgrading of industrial product quality comes from the resource reallocation effect brought by clean production environmental regulation. This paper is of great significance to understand how to promote the high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry through green transformation.
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(1)该数据库的统计对象为规模以上工业法人企业,包括全部国有和年主营业务收入500万元及以上(2011年以后为2000万元以上)的非国有工业法人企业,与《中国统计年鉴》的工业部分和《中国工业统计年鉴》中的覆盖范围一致。
(2)这里有5个问题需要说明:第一,考虑到一些行业清洁生产标准实施的时间较短,借鉴龙小宁和万威(2017)的做法,本文将研究的清洁生产标准实施时间截至该年份的6月30日,对于该年份7月1日之后实施的清洁生产标准,本文视作次年开始实施;第二,一些行业(例如制革行业)的标准可能根据产品种类的不同分批实施,由于数据限制,本文以该行业第一次实施清洁生产标准的时间计;第三,一些行业(例如钢铁行业)在样本观察期内颁布了两次清洁生产行业标准,本文采用该行业第一次实施清洁生产标准的时间计;第四,出口产品质量需要利用我国海关贸易数据测算,而海关库中不包括“废弃资源和废旧材料回收加工业”和“住宿和餐饮业”,因此在本文研究中予以剔除;第五,因篇幅所限,清洁生产标准实施行业目录和下文中出现的清洁生产评价指标体系清单以附件1和附件2展示,见《统计研究》网站所列附件。下同。
(3)因篇幅所限,企业产品质量测算过程以附件3展示。
(1)该数据库系作者单位购买所得。
(2)因篇幅所限,数据处理过程和变量描述性统计以附件4展示。
(1)限于篇幅,包含全部信息的表格以附件5展示。
基本信息:
DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2021.07.005
中图分类号:X38;F425;F273.2
引用信息:
[1]高翔,何欢浪.清洁生产、绿色转型与企业产品质量升级[J].统计研究,2021,38(07):64-75.DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2021.07.005.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金青年项目“全球价值链重整下中国制造业的分工位置、收益评估与转型升级研究”(20CJL011)
2021-07-25
2021-07-25