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企业社会责任是高质量发展阶段推动企业创新赋能的重要实现方式，已有文献缺乏对企业社会责任与双元创新的内在关系的细分研究，且未能真正测度企业探索式创新与利用式创新的本质。本文以2010—2020年我国沪深A股上市公司为实证研究对象，基于上市公司专利文本数据，考察了企业社会责任对企业双元创新的具体影响及其内在机理。研究结果表明，企业社会责任有助于促进企业双元创新，但对企业利用式创新的边际影响效应更强；企业社会责任对企业双元创新的影响受到外部利益相关方治理效应和外部资源供给效应等因素的调节，且其作用存在分化；“七报一刊”媒体关注能同时正向调节企业社会责任与企业利用式和探索式创新关系，其他报刊媒体关注的调节效应均不显著；政府补助能够在企业社会责任与企业利用式创新之间产生显著的正向调节效应，但不能调节企业社会责任与企业探索式创新关系；机制检验结果表明，企业社会责任主要通过缓解融资约束促进企业双元创新；企业社会责任对企业双元创新的驱动效应在市场化程度更高的区域、非国有产权及强制性企业社会责任披露的企业中更为明显。研究结论为加快以企业双元创新推进高质量发展提供了新理论视角与政策启示。
Abstract：Corporate social responsibility is an important means of promoting and empowering corporate innovation in the stage of high-quality development. However, it lacks detailed research on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and ambidextrous innovation behavior. Based on the empirical research sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2020, and based on the patent text mining data of listed companies, this paper investigates the specific impact and internal mechanism of corporate social responsibility on corporate ambidextrous innovation. The research results show that, first, corporate social responsibility helps to strengthen corporate exploitative innovation and explorative innovation significantly, but it has a stronger marginal effect on corporate exploitative innovation. Second, the effect of corporate social responsibility on the ambidextrous innovation is moderated by the governance effect of external stakeholders and the supply effect of external resources, and its role is differentiated. That is, the attention from the “seven Newspapres and one Magazine” media can positively moderate the relation between corporate social responsibility and both enterprise exploitative and exploratory innovation, whereas the moderating effect of attention from other media is not significant, Government subsidies have a significant positive moderating effect between corporate social responsibility and enterprise exploitative innovation, but they can not moderate the relationship between corporate social responsibility and explorative innovation. Third, the mechanism test results show that corporate social responsibility mainly promotes enterprise ambidextrous innovation by alleviating enterprise financing constraints. Fourth, the results of heterogeneity analysis show that the driving effect of corporate social responsibility on enterprise ambidextrous innovation is more obvious in enterprises with higher degree of marketization, non-state-owned enterprise, and among firms subject to mandatory corporate social responsibility disclosure requirements. This study provides a new theoretical perspective and policy inspiration for accelerating high-quality development through enterprise ambidextrous innovation.
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(1)基于双元创新理论（March,1991），企业在创新过程中因资源能力差异会产生两种不同的创新行为，分别为利用式创新和探索式创新。利用式创新主要是对既有技术路线的改进、调整与优化以更好满足现有客户需求，探索式创新主要是开辟新的市场领域与技术空间实现新的技术突破以开发下一代客户，二者立足的知识搜索领域与知识基础截然不同，需要的企业利益相关方资源支持也具有差异性。
(1)“七报一刊”主要指《上海证券报》《中国证券报》《证券时报》《金融时报》《经济日报》《中国改革报》《中国日报》《证券市场周刊》。
(1)企业现有知识库是指在过去五年中，企业申请的所有专利信息以及该企业引用的所有专利信息。
(2)和讯网的企业社会责任数据来源为https://stock.hexun.com/2013/gsshzr/index.html；润灵环球企业社会责任数据来源为http://www.rksratings.cn/。
(3)CNRDS数据库网址为https://www.cnrds.com/。
(4)企业SA测算模型为SA=-0.737×Size+0.043×Size 2-0.04×Age。其中，Age为企业存续年限，计算公式为ln（年份–企业注册年份
(1)调节变量Med fit包括媒体关注和政府补助两个变量，模型（2）在检验调节效应时每次使用一个调节变量进行回归分析。
(1)因篇幅所限，稳健性检验结果以附表1~3展示，见《统计研究》网站所列附件。下同。
(1)因篇幅所限，不同维度的企业社会责任对企业双元创新的回归结果以附表4展示。
(1)因篇幅所限，研究结果以附表5~7展示。
基本信息:
DOI：10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2024.07.008
中图分类号:F273.1;F270;F832.51
引用信息:
[1]阳镇,王文娜,陈劲等.企业社会责任与企业双元创新：稳中求进与险中求胜[J].统计研究,2024,41(07):119-133.DOI:10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2024.07.008.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“国企混合所有制改革的实现路径选择研究”（20&ZD073）;国家社会科学基金重大项目“智能制造关键核心技术国产替代战略与政策研究”（21&ZD132）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“行业差异化视角下反垄断与企业创新—基于《反垄断法》实施的经验证据”（2452021126）